I. Defining the (literary) self and the nation: representative figures As an aesthetic phenomenon, Modernism refers to a period that ended in the late 1930's to early 1940's. The term "modernism" was first used in Germany in the 1890's, the period in which Modernism is said to have appeared. Unlike such terms as "Romanticism" or Classicism", Modernism does not refer to the qualities of works of art in a particular period: it is based on the idea that works of […]
The American Renaissance
Ralph Waldo EMERSON Emerson's literary and philosophical importance in the American renaissance and after it has always been associated with his lasting influence in two domains of American intellectual and social life: The emergence of an America romantic sensibility. The emergence of a characteristically American conception of individual consciousness and actions. For the first time in America, Emerson gave full expression to a philosophy of romantic idealism. He thought that the spiritual and intellectual ideals of the 18th century, the […]
Declaration of Literary Independence
I. Washington IRVING: evolution, nostalgia and imaginary compensation Irving was not under the influence of sentimentalism or romanticism, the two big influences of that time. In a way, he was the perfect incarnation of the American early literary development. He was a figure of literary transition in a society where American literature was still a hybrid. Irving's artistic opinions and his style changed dramatically over time but we can detect certain opinions and thematic elements that dominate his early as […]
Puritanism : a New World Vision
I. The Puritan New World vision in the longer schemes of things English Puritans can be divided into several groups. Most of the Puritans remained in England. They accepted the principle of Oliver Cromwell's Commonwealth, with the Separatists (no affiliation with authority and the English protestant church). They were persecuted and many of them had to run away and come to the New World. To many Puritans, Christopher Columbus's passage in America was one of the most important historical events […]
An authentically American Literature
I. Writing the territory: the literature of discovery and exploration Started as a vision in Europe: it is a product of literary imagination. America existed only as a literary object that was represented in the writings of Europeans who first visited America. They brought back their own visions, written in Spanish or French and not in English. 16th century: the English knew about America through outside texts, not from English texts. 1670's: English mariners started exploring the North American coast. […]
American Literature
History of American Literature Chapter 01 : The emergence of an authentically American Literature Chapter 02 : Puritanism: a New World Vision Chapter 03 : Declaration of Literary Independence Chapter 04 : The American Renaissance Chapter 05 : Modernism Francis Scott Fitzgerald : The Great Gatsby Structure and narration Ordering of events Arthur Miller : Death of a Salesman Extended introduction to Death of a Salesman
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