The 18th Century: the Age of Enlightenment
Explore the 18th century as the Age of Enlightenment: reason, satire, progress, science, politics, sensibility, and literary transformation.
Littérature
Études, cours et fiches de littérature française, britannique, américaine et espagnole : auteurs, œuvres, mouvements, contextes, méthodes d’analyse et préparation aux épreuves littéraires.
La naissance d’un projet encyclopédique à Rome !
Analysez la naissance du projet encyclopédique à Rome : savoir, transmission, culture grecque, érudition latine et ambition universelle.
Ray Bradbury est mort
Hommage à Ray Bradbury après sa mort à 91 ans : enfance, débuts littéraires et œuvre de science-fiction préoccupée par le matérialisme et la survie spirituelle.
Arthur C. Clarke est mort
Hommage à Arthur C. Clarke, mort à 90 ans au Sri Lanka : auteur lié à 2001, l’odyssée de l’espace, ancien de la RAF et visionnaire du satellite.
Robert Jordan n’est plus…
Robert Jordan, né James Oliver Rigney Jr, célèbre écrivain d’heroic fantasy nous a quitté le dimanche 16 septembre 2007 à l’âge de 58 ans.
Don Álvaro o la Fuerza del Sino por el Duque de Rivas
Análisis de Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino del Duque de Rivas: resumen de las cinco jornadas, personajes, destino trágico y rasgos del drama romántico.
Doña Inés (Historia de Amor) por José Martínez Ruiz [Azorín]
Estudio de Doña Inés de Azorín: trayectoria de José Martínez Ruiz, contexto de la obra y lectura de su historia de amor a partir de sus temas y personajes.
A transformed vision of time in Regeneration
Analyse how Pat Barker transforms time in Regeneration through trauma, memory, hallucination, flashback, repetition and shell shock.
Landscape and mindscape in Regeneration: Burns, trauma and nature
Analyse landscape and mindscape in Pat Barker’s Regeneration through Burns, trauma, focalisation, hostile nature and the return of war memory.
Historical figures and fictional characters in Regeneration
Analyse how Pat Barker blends real historical figures and fictional characters in Regeneration to explore war trauma, memory, class and moral conflict.
First dialogue between Rivers and Sassoon in Regeneration
Analyse the first dialogue between Rivers and Sassoon in Pat Barker’s Regeneration: sanity, protest, duty, therapy and moral conflict.
The plot in Regeneration by Pat Barker: transformation, trauma and return
Analyse the plot of Pat Barker’s Regeneration through Sassoon, Rivers, Prior, trauma, Craiglockhart and the moral problem of return.
The setting in Regeneration by Pat Barker: Craiglockhart as a second battlefield
Analyse the setting in Pat Barker’s Regeneration: Craiglockhart, the home front, darkness, nature, war trauma and symbolic spaces.
English Literature: Periods, Authors, Works and Study Guide
Explore English literature through its major periods, authors, genres and works, from Beowulf to Shakespeare, Romanticism and modern war writing.
Introduction to Regeneration by Pat Barker: war trauma, history and fiction
Introduction to Pat Barker’s Regeneration: historical fiction, Craiglockhart, shell shock, Rivers, Sassoon, Owen and the trauma of World War One.
War Poet: Wilfred Owen, Poetry and the Pity of War
Study Wilfred Owen’s war poetry, biography, influences, shell shock, Craiglockhart, Sassoon, realism, irony and the famous “pity of war”.
Edward Thomas: nature, England and the quiet poetry of war
Edward Thomas turned English landscape, memory and doubt into haunting war poetry. Discover his life, themes, poems and quiet modern voice.
Rupert Brooke: idealism, patriotism and the myth of the war poet
Rupert Brooke, English war poet of 1914, became famous for The Soldier, patriotic idealism and the myth of beautiful youth sacrificed in WWI.
World War One poetry: why war poetry became a literary problem
Trace World War One poetry from patriotic sacrifice to trench disillusionment, with Owen, Sassoon, Thomas and Rosenberg and questions about the canon.
Richard III : Order and Disorder, the Elizabethan problem
It is very often an issue in Shakespeare’s plays. It deals with order and degree: each thing in the Universe has a place in a scale of things.
Richard III: the ambiguity of Richard’s evil
Richard generates a special relation between word and deed. He tells the audience what he is going to do, then does it, and finally recalls what he did.
Why Is A Midsummer Night’s Dream a Comedy?
Discover why A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a comedy through romantic confusion, festive disorder, Bottom’s farce, dramatic irony and its comic ending.
Structure in A Midsummer Night’s Dream: Plots and Patterns
Analyse the structure of A Midsummer Night’s Dream through its four dramatic worlds, Athens–forest–Athens movement, parallel plots and play within a play.
A Midsummer Night’s Dream: Introduction and Context
Explore A Midsummer Night’s Dream through its date, sources, characters, opening scene, major themes, theatrical form and place in Shakespeare’s work.
Background of A Midsummer Night’s Dream: Myth, Folklore and Festivity
Explore the Greek myths, Ovidian sources, English fairies, seasonal customs and Elizabethan theatre behind A Midsummer Night’s Dream.
The Dramatic Quality in Macbeth: Violence, Prophecy and Stage Tension
Analyse the dramatic quality of Macbeth through prophecy, violence, dramatic irony, stage action, rhythm, disorder and Shakespearean tragedy.
Political Questions in Macbeth: Kingship, Tyranny and Legitimacy
Analyse political questions in Macbeth: kingship, tyranny, legitimacy, rebellion, prophecy, violence and Shakespeare’s vision of power.
Introduction to Macbeth: Plot, Characters, Themes and Tragedy
Macbeth’s plot, characters and tragedy: ambition drives murder and tyranny, while guilt, the witches and questions of free will shape his downfall.
Lord Jim: how is Conrad’s first-hand experience of seamanship perceptible throughout the Patna episode ?
Conrad’s seamanship in Lord Jim’s Patna episode: links with Youth, the Jeddah incident and the way first-hand maritime knowledge enters the fiction.
Lord Jim by Joseph Conrad : « A free and wandering tale »
Explore Lord Jim as a free and wandering tale, from narrative frames and moral failure to honour, guilt, colonial spaces, and Conrad’s irony.
Family in Cider with Rosie: Characters and Relationships
Analyse Laurie Lee’s family in Cider with Rosie, including his mother, absent father, sisters, brothers and the relationships shaping his childhood.
The Short Story and the Novel
Compare the short story and the novel through structure, character, plot, unity, scale, narrative focus, reader effect, and literary form.
Edgar Poe : une Descente dans le Mäelstrom
L’action se situe au sommet d’une montagne, le Helseggen, sur la côte de Norvège dans la province de Nortland. Le panorama est effroyablement désolé…
Edgar Poe : Metzengerstein
Une époque lointaine, moyenâgeuse (châteaux) dans une région centrale de la Hongrie aux mœurs si étranges que l’on croit à la métempsycose.
Électre : tragédie et originalité du drame giralducien
Analysez Électre de Giraudoux : tragédie, mythe antique, ironie moderne, originalité dramatique, justice, vérité et tension politique.
Death of a Salesman: Introduction, Context, Plot and Themes
Explore Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman through its historical context, plot, characters, themes, dramatic form and modern tragic hero.
The ordering of events in The Great Gatsby
An analysis of The Great Gatsby’s event order examines scrambled chronology, Nick’s narration and how Fitzgerald builds mystery around Gatsby’s past.
Structure and Narration in The Great Gatsby
The Great Gatsby is the third novel of Fitzgerald, published in 1925 after This Side of Paradise (1920) and The Beautiful and the Damned (1922).
American Modernism in literature
Explore modernism in literature through fragmentation, subjectivity, urban life, experimentation, time, consciousness, and the break with tradition.
The American Renaissance
Emerson’s literary and philosophical importance in the American Renaissance has been associated with his lasting influence in American intellectual life.
American Literature: a Declaration of Literary Independence
Explore America’s declaration of literary independence, from British influence and national identity to Emerson, originality, and cultural freedom.
Puritanism : a New World Vision
English Puritans were divided: some accepted Oliver Cromwell’s Commonwealth, and were persecuted, many Puritans ran away to the New World.
An authentically American Literature
Explore the rise of an authentically American literature through national identity, democracy, language, frontier myths, and cultural independence.
American Literature
Explore American literature through its major periods, authors, works and themes, from Puritan writing to Gatsby, modernism and American drama.
Desiderata
Go placidly amid the noise and haste, and remember what peace there may be in silence. Without surrender be on good terms with all persons.